The classic vision that speaks of a very clear initial prevalence of neutralism in the ranks of Italian Catholicism appears to be fairly well founded. It should however be considered - and this essay tries to investigate precisely this evolution - how interventionism took root in that world through different channels and different cultural and intellectual lenses. On the one hand was an important factor the conservatism of some circles that were close to the government and to the Salandra liberal right wing (although not all Catholic conservatives were initially interventionists). These positions were partially already in tune with the nationalist group’s way of reasoning, in a spiritualist, anti-giolittian and anti-materialist key. On the other hand, a series of groups close to the official Catholicism fell in a substantially passive and unprepared way towards an interventionist position that simply adjusted itself to the government’s options (the so-called "conditioned” neutrality, linked to the homeland interests, in the line of a certain rooted guelph patriotism). Finally, small groups of democratic-christian matrix adopted instead democratic interventionist schemes, reading the war as an occasion for waging a battle against reactionary conservatism of the Central Empires and achieving national demands, in their illusory hope for a spontaneous convergence of movements on a European scale. Starting from these different ways of cultural reasoning, many sectors of Italian Catholicism found themselves around rather similar Interventionist instances, shared especially around May 1915.

Appare piuttosto fondata la classica visione che parla di una prevalenza iniziale molto netta del neutralismo nelle fila del cattolicesimo italiano. Va però considerato – e questo saggio cerca di indagare proprio questa evoluzione – come l’interventismo si radicasse in quel mondo attraverso diversi canali e diverse lenti culturali e intellettuali. Da una parte pesò il conservatorismo di alcuni ambienti vicini all’establishment governativo e alla destra salandrina (peraltro non tutti i conservatori cattolici furono inizialmente interventisti). In parte, erano posizioni già in sintonia con i ragionamenti della pattuglia nazionalista, in chiave spiritualista, antigiolittiana e antimaterialista. Dall’altra, una serie di ambienti vicini al cattolicesimo ufficiale cadde in modo sostanzialmente passivo e impreparato verso una posizione interventista che se adeguava semplicemente le decisioni del governo (sulla linea della cosiddetta “neutralità condizionata” agli interessi della patria, nella linea di un certo radicato patriottismo guelfo). Infine, piccoli gruppi di matrice democratico-cristiana si avvicinarono all’interventismo democratico sulla base di una lettura della guerra come occasione per una battaglia contro il conservatorismo reazionario degli imperi centrali e per la realizzazione delle istanze nazionali, nella loro illusoria speranza di una spontanea convergenza su scala europea. Partiti da questi diversi ragionamenti e spinte culturali, i diversi filoni del cattolicesimo inclini all’intervento si ritrovarono alla fine su istanze piuttosto simili, condivise particolarmente attorno al maggio del 1915.

L’interventismo cattolico, 2017.

L’interventismo cattolico

Formigoni, Guido
2017-01-01

Abstract

The classic vision that speaks of a very clear initial prevalence of neutralism in the ranks of Italian Catholicism appears to be fairly well founded. It should however be considered - and this essay tries to investigate precisely this evolution - how interventionism took root in that world through different channels and different cultural and intellectual lenses. On the one hand was an important factor the conservatism of some circles that were close to the government and to the Salandra liberal right wing (although not all Catholic conservatives were initially interventionists). These positions were partially already in tune with the nationalist group’s way of reasoning, in a spiritualist, anti-giolittian and anti-materialist key. On the other hand, a series of groups close to the official Catholicism fell in a substantially passive and unprepared way towards an interventionist position that simply adjusted itself to the government’s options (the so-called "conditioned” neutrality, linked to the homeland interests, in the line of a certain rooted guelph patriotism). Finally, small groups of democratic-christian matrix adopted instead democratic interventionist schemes, reading the war as an occasion for waging a battle against reactionary conservatism of the Central Empires and achieving national demands, in their illusory hope for a spontaneous convergence of movements on a European scale. Starting from these different ways of cultural reasoning, many sectors of Italian Catholicism found themselves around rather similar Interventionist instances, shared especially around May 1915.
Italiano
2017
Cavagnini, Giovanni; Grossi, Giulia
Benedetto 15: Papa Giacomo Della Chiesa nel mondo dell’«inutile strage»
254
262
9
978-88-15-27317-8
Italy
Bologna
Il Mulino
comitato scientifico
internazionale
A stampa
Settore M-STO/04 - Storia Contemporanea
Settore M-STO/07 - Storia del Cristianesimo e delle Chiese
Fondazione per le Scienze religiose - Bologna
1
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Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/10808/29348
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